In 2021, Kazakhstan increased oil refining capacity at its three largest refineries by 7.7 percent year-on-year to 17 million tonnes.

The company projects to produce 122,400 ounces of silver this year.

The recent crisis in Kazakhstan took many by surprise. Long considered the most prosperous and stable in Central Asia, it now suddenly appears fragile and weak.

Annual inflation was 9.97 percent in 2021. The central bank expects annual inflation to decline and reach its target level of 6 percent by the end of 2022.

The funds will be provided as part of the ADB Country Operations Business Plan for 2022-2024.